УДК 373.3:37.016 Development of communicative skills in primary education professionals on the basis of a competence approach

Abstract

The article reviews and investigates the important aspects of the problem of development of communicative skills of elementary school pupils in the context of the requirements of the State standard of elementary and primary school (2018) and their reform in Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on the key competencies to be developed at the New Ukrainian School. The interpretation of the concepts of “competence”, “competency” and “competency approach” in various sources was traced and processed, as well as data generalization was performed, which made the further research possible, highlighting its major perspectives. On the basis of the analysis of scientific and methodological literature, the study of advanced pedagogical experience and the use of positive results of their own pedagogical activity in the initial grades of secondary school, the authors suggested ways of developing pupils' communication skills on the basis of competency approach. Particular attention is given to speech activities such as listening and speaking. The directions of development of the auditory skills of younger pupils (audition during the explanation of the material by the teacher; in the process of making up dialogues; listening as a special kind of exercises) are outlined. The content of the audio tasks and exercises for the development of dialogic speech based on the competency approach and the algorithm of their execution are offered. The methodology and techniques of organization of listening and dialogue making up as special speech exercises are revealed. The use of five groups of polite words (greetings, forgiveness, apologies, thanks, requests) in the daily speech of pupils, which are essential for effective communication, are particularly highlighted. The authors point out that competency-oriented development of communicative skills of younger pupils requires the use of search and interactive teaching methods that facilitate the interaction of participants in the pedagogical process in order to jointly solve educational tasks, as well as to stimulate the formation of better personal qualities. Prospects for further research on the chosen topic are outlines.